Author:

Dr. Norbert Werner

Aff.:
Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford
University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA 94305-4085, USA

Title:
Od supermasivnych ciernych dier po velkoskalovu strukturu vesmiru

Abstract:
In the course of structure formation, only a small fraction of the baryons
turned into stars - most remain in a diffuse intergalactic medium. The
growth and evolution of galaxies is controlled by feedback processes, such
as energy and momentum input from supernovae, and from the jets and winds
of accreting supermassive black holes. I will start my talk by presenting
observational results on the role of supermassive black holes in
suppressing star formation in the most massive galaxies,
keeping them 'red and dead’. Then, I will show how deep observations of
extreme clusters of galaxies inform us about the microphysics of the
intergalactic medium, which determines how the energy from accreting black
holes couples with the diffuse gas. Then, I will 'zoom out' to the
outskirts of galaxy clusters where we also
find hints that supermassive black holes played an important role in the
distant past. X-ray observations reveal a remarkably homogeneous
distribution of iron out to the virial radius of the nearby Perseus
Cluster, requiring that most of the metal enrichment of the intergalactic
medium occurred before the cluster formed, probably more than ten billion
years ago, during the period of maximal star formation and black
hole activity. Finally, I will talk about the upcoming ASTRO-H satellite
which will revolutionize X-ray spectroscopy and our understanding of the
physics of galactic feedback.